Abstract
The development of city-driven urban laboratories was considered a priority by the European Commission through Action 3.2 of the Strategic Energy Technology Plan. In this context, positive-energy districts laboratories could take the role of urban drivers toward innovation and sustainability in cities. These urban labs can provide real-life facilities with innovative co-creation processes and, at the same time, provide testing, experimenting, and prototyping of innovative technologies. In this scope, the authors of this work want to share the very first results of an empirical study using the testing facilities provided by the members of the Joint Program on Smart Cities of the European Energy Research Alliance as positive-energy districts laboratories. Six climatic regions are studied as boundary conditions, covering temperate and continental climates. Four scales of action are analyzed: Building, campus, urban, and virtual, with building and campus scales being the most frequent. Most of these laboratories focus on energy applications followed by networks, storage systems, and energy loads characterization. Many of these laboratories are regulated by ICT technologies but few of them consider social aspects, lighting, waste, and water systems. A SWOT analysis is performed to highlight the critical points of the testing facilities in order to replicate optimized configurations under other conditions. This statistical study provides guidelines on integration, localization, functionality, and technology modularity aspects. The use of these guidelines will ensure optimal replications, as well as identify possibilities and opportunities to share testing facilities of/between the positive-energy district laboratories.
Highlights
Smart cities and communities have been identified as key challenges for achieving the energy efficiency targets for 2020 and 2050 according to the European Commission initiative formulated in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan Action 3.2 (SET Plan Action 3.2) [1]
Once the information of the infrastructures submitted by the members of the Energy Research Alliance (EERA) Joint Programs (JP) SC has been compiled, statistical studies have been performed to identify the main characteristics of these facilities
The first approach consists of sixteen testing platforms and existing facilities provided by the EERA JP SC members
Summary
Smart cities and communities have been identified as key challenges for achieving the energy efficiency targets for 2020 and 2050 according to the European Commission initiative formulated in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan Action 3.2 (SET Plan Action 3.2) [1]. These urban areas are responsible for 71–76% of CO2 emissions and 67–76% of global energy use [2]. These cities have been conceived as habitable, work, and leisure areas, but they involve serious environmental, energy, social, and economic problems. New multi-criterion approaches are needed to evaluate and plan a sustainable energy transformation of the urban environments [3], as defined in the United Nations 2030 Agenda [4] and the Green Deal of the European Commission [5]
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