Testing Evolution Equation for Entanglement of Two-Qubit Systems in Noisy Channels on Ensemble Quantum Computers

Abstract

We report the experimental demonstration of decoherence dynamics of entanglement for the four Bell states in two-qubit nuclear-spin systems on ensemble quantum computers. Using artificial error operators to simulate noisy channels, we experimentally investigate the effect of noises on the four Bell states, and furthermore observe the time evolution of entanglement for the four Bell states in different noisy channels by calculating concurrences. Our experimental results show that the concurrences of the different Bell states under the same artificial error operations have the same values within the experimental error, and are independent of the different Bell states. These experimental results verify the theoretical evolution equation developed by Konrad et al.[Nature Phys. 4 (2008) 99] for two-qubit entanglement.