Abstract
This paper demonstrates that reducing uncertainties in pile design and construction has the potential to greatly reduce foundation money and time costs for non-redundant driven and drilled pile foundations. It describes the statistics-guided Testing and Remediation Observational Method (TROM). This method permits reducing the factor of safety (FOS) in deterministic design, or increasing the resistance factor in load resistance factor design (LRFD), while maintaining a target reliability for all piles by remediating as needed. Three example case histories demonstrate the method and the advantages of testing every pile.
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