Abstract
Men who present to infertility clinics with a diagnosis of nonobstructive azoospermia are often recommended to undergo surgical sperm extraction necessitating an operating room before proceeding with in-vitro fertilization (IVF) with microscopic intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Prior studies have reported the use of fine needle aspiration with a 23-gauge needle as a diagnostic tool in these patients; however, the use has been limited to cytological evaluation of spermatogenesis and interstitial cells.
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