Test the Activity of Supplementation Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) Powder, Oil and Aqueous Extract to Diet and Drinking Water on Performance of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementing powder, oil and aqueous extract of clove to diet and drinking water on some productive and physiological parameters of broiler exposed to cyclic temperature 28-35-28°C. One hundred and sixty one day old unsexed Ross broiler chicken were used, reared on litter to 3 week, birds fed a starter diet contain 22.7% crud protein and 2935.7 Kcal ME/Kg diet and from 4-8 weeks in batteries, birds fed a finisher diet contain 20.2% crud protein and 3034.8 Kcal ME/Kg diet, management and health instruction for rearing Rose broiler was offered. Five treatments (four replicate each treatment) were carried out. Treatment T0 without supplementing clove to diet and drinking water, treatments T1, T2 supplementing 0.8, 0.4% of clove powder to diet respectively, treatment T3 supplementing 0.8% of clove oil to diet, treatment T4 supplementing 0.4% of clove aqueous extract to drinking water, this supplementation of clove to diet and drinking water was given to broiler daily for 9 hours from 900-1800 hours which the highest environmental temperature from 1200-1800 hours during experiment period 4-8 weeks of age and the relative humidity was 45-50%. The results revealed that there were a significant (p<0.01) decrease in feed consumption in all treatments compared with T0 also there was an improvement in feed efficiency ratio in T1, T2 compared with other treatments at 5 week of age, meanwhile at 7 week of age feed consumption increase significantly in T2, T3, T4 compared with T0, T1 while feed consumption ratio improved significantly in T0, T1 compared with T2, T4, no significant effect on live body weight, weight gain, growth rate at 5, 7 weeks of age. At 5 week of age the pattern of feed consumption revealed a significant decrease in T1 compared with T2 at 1200 hours, also T1 reduced significantly compared with T3, T4 at 1500 hours while T2 reduced compared with other treatments at 1800 hours however in 7 weeks of age there was a reduction in T4 compared with T0, T2 at 1500 hours. At 7 week of age the pattern of water consumption reduced significantly in T1, T2 compared with other treatments at 1200 hours and T4 reduced compared with other treatments. Body temperature at 5 week of age increased in all treatments compared with T0 at 1800 hour while at 7 week of age T2, T3, T4 reduced compared with T0 at 900 hour and T3 reduced compared with T4 at 1200 hour and also T0, T3, T4 reduced compared with T1. From this study we can concluded that there was a little improvement in clove supplementation to diet and drinking water of broiler exposed to heat stress.