Terrorist Deradicalization Programs in Saudi, Yemen and Malaysia

Abstract

Terrorist Deradicalization is advancing subject of scientific study that lacks universally accepted definition. It is presently understood as efforts that attempt transform attitudes and behaviors of former terrorists so they reject violence as a tool to achieve ideological, religious or political goals that threaten national security and life or cause political and economic instability. Saudi Arabia Yemen and Malaysiahave deradicalization programs called Al-Ha’ir, Al-Hitar and Pemulihan, respectively, that are based on re-education and rehabilitation. Re-education components focus on correcting political and religious misconceptions, and rehabilitation provides a thoroughgoing monitoring system after inmate release. Government sponsored de-radicalization modules are designed to rehabilitate detained militants by addressing personality flaws and providing carefully structured reconstructive efforts. The authors describe methods used, which include modular themes such as holistic personality, self-reflection, social skills, criminal behavior, spirituality, Islamic consideration, security and psychology.