Abstract
In the article the authors studied the territorial aspect of migration of urban and rural population. The analysis of inter-regional migrations is necessary to assess the internal migration situation in the country. Based on statistical data, the analysis of the number and share of urban and rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. The differentiation of the population by Kazakhstan regions is studied. Based on the study of domestic sociodemographic indicators, it is concluded that migration and population are geodemographic terms that depend on each other. The analysis of the balance of interregional migration of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan is relevant, since demographic and economic results affect countries regardless of the level of economic development. The nature of migration in Kazakhstan has changed at the present stage, as values and migration factors have been transformed. Migration processes are a concrete result of a specific stage of socio-economic and political development of a country. This is confirmed by the analysis of the population of the capital for the period from 1999 to 2019. The growth of intraregional migration ensures the growth of demographic potential. The continuous outflow of people of working age from rural areas and the return of people of pre-retirement and retirement age to rural areas ensures age transformation in rural areas, namely demographic aging of the population. This process increases the demographic burden on the working-age population and reduces the birth rate due to a drop in the number of people at the fertile age.
Highlights
In the article the authors studied the territorial aspect of migration
it is concluded that migration and population are geodemographic terms
that depend on each other. The analysis of the balance
Summary
Аннотация В статье авторами исследован территориальный аспект миграции городского и сельского населения. На основе статистических данных осуществлен анализ численности и доли городского и сельского населения Республики Казахстан. Актуальным представляется анализ сальдо межрегиональной миграции населения Республики Казахстан, так как демографические и экономические результаты влияют на страны независимо от уровня экономического развития. Миграционные процессы – конкретный результат конкретного этапа социально-экономического и политического развития страны. Рост внутрирегиональной миграции обеспечивает рост демографического потенциала. Непрекращающийся отток из сельской местности людей трудоспособного возраста, возвращение в село людей предпенсионного и пенсионного возраста обеспечивает возрастную трансформацию в сельской местности, а именно демографическое старение населения. Ключевые слова: сельское население, городское население, миграционный канал, миграционный прирост, миграционный отток, миграционная убыль, переезд, въезд, выезд, виды миграции. Миграционный канал – алгоритм пути (им-)мигранта, представляющий базовый процесс миграции
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