Territorial analysis of medical geographical conditions of Uzbekistan

Abstract

• Maternal mortality in the Republic of Uzbekistan is relatively high. It is necessary to further strengthen medical supervision among women. • The incidence of tuberculosis in the population of Republic of Uzbekistan is growing. Appropriate practical measures are required to improve the epidemiological situation. • In the regions, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, congenital defects, blood and blood-forming organs are on the rise. It is necessary to improve the existing nosogeographic situation, improve the sanitary and hygienic condition of the premises. • In order to prevent brucellosis, it is expedient to carry out decontamination of foci of the disease in livestock areas, the establishment of sanitary protection zones. • It is necessary to focus on the role of medical geography in the system of geographical sciences. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the UN program says about the elimination of epidemics by 2030, the elimination of epidemics of diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, as well as measures to combat hepatitis and other water-borne diseases. The purpose of this article is to analyze the medical geography of Uzbekistan and health problems. After covering the geographical features of morbidity and mortality in the country, the following conclusions were drawn. One of the achievements of the socio-demographic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in recent years is the reduction in mortality in all age groups. During this time, the country's health care system was improved, attention was paid to the health of the population. Also, an increase in the number of young and middle-aged people in the population, a decrease in the birth rate has led to a decrease in infant mortality, maternal mortality and overall mortality. However, there are areas with higher rates (Tashkent, Tashkent and Andijan regions), which can be explained by their location at a transport hub and industrialization. The authors believe that the theoretical issues of medical geography, medico-geographical zoning and forecasting, the identification of nosogeographic regions and foci require further research in this area. In such studies, it is necessary to focus on the role of medical geography in the system of geographical sciences, which, in turn, refers to aspects of natural and socioeconomic geography and geoecology.