Ternary graphene@polyaniline-TiO2 composite for glucose biofuel cell anode application

Abstract

In this work p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) doped highly conductive ternary graphene @polyaniline-TiO2 (GN@Pani-TiO2) was synthesized chemically. The conducting polymers incorporated with metal oxide have good electrical conductivity and large pseudo capacitance which have been utilized as a potential electrode material for biofuel cell electrode preparation. The redox mediator ferritin (Frt) and enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized successfully. The oxidation of glucose by the prepared bioanode was increased with the increase in glucose concentration in the range of 4–24 mM. The electrochemical performance of the bioanode was satisfactory at 20 mM glucose in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0 analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 20 mM of glucose at different scan rates (20–100 mVs−1), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and chronoamperometry. A saturation current density of 6.77 ± 0.2 mAcm−2 was achieved at a 100 mVs−1 scan rate for 20 mM of glucose oxidation.