Abstract
The focus on seeking alternative fuels for combustion engines has been on the environmental and political scene for many years. Simultaneously there is a more and more serious problem of non-degradable waste utilization. In the present work an attempt has been made to asses both of those aspects by proposing a tailor-made, 3-component mixture consisting of mineral diesel, crude rapeseed oil and waste tyre pyrolytic oil. It was proven that the addition of pyrolytic oil can improve some basic drawbacks of rapeseed oil / diesel mixtures like high density and viscosity or low cold filter plugging point. On the basis of maximum bio-component share and optimum physicochemical properties a best fuel sample (40% mineral diesel oil, 55% rapeseed oil and 5% pyrolytic oil fraction) had been selected for engine tests, performed on a light-duty multi-cylinder Compression Ignition (CI) engine with electronic, Common Rail (CR) injection system. The steady state tests were performed for two rotational speeds and two injection strategies (single and sequential fuel injection), for each of which a full load sweep was performed. The engine research included in-cylinder pressure analysis along with efficiency estimation and exhaust gas emission measurements. The research confirmed the assumption that the selected fuel mixture is suitable for modern CI engines. The specific fuel consumption was similar or lower for the tested fuel compared to standard diesel, except the cases were sequential injection was incorporated. Emissions remained on similar levels as for both fuels except Total HydroCarbons (THC) at sequential injection operation points, which correlated with lower fuel conversion efficiency.
Highlights
Due to the fact that fossil fuels are being depleted, there is a need to find alternative sources for production of fuel to meet the energy demands of the world
It was proven that the addition of pyrolytic oil fraction can improve some basic drawbacks of crude rapeseed oil / diesel mixtures like high density and viscosity or low cold filter plugging point
The research confirmed the assumption that the ternary mixture of mineral oil, crude rapeseed oil and fraction of pyrolytic oil is suitable for modern Compression Ignition (CI) engines
Summary
Due to the fact that fossil fuels are being depleted, there is a need to find alternative sources for production of fuel to meet the energy demands of the world. In study of Murugan et al (2008b), fuel samples containing 10, 30 and 50% of TPO blended with diesel fuel were analysed in order to evaluate the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine. Raslavičius and Bazaras (2009), analysing the effect of addition of 5 and 10% of ethanol to blend consisting of 70% of diesel oil and 30% of rapeseed methyl ester, found that in case of 5% addition of alcohol the exploitation characteristics of the tractor unit were analogous within the total range of loads as operating on pure mineral diesel Due to this fact authors suggested that sample with a lower addition of ethanol could be used in the areas especially sensitive to environmental pollution. In-cylinder pressures were analysed for both fuels, followed by efficiency and emissions analyses
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