Abstract
Kakadu cream contained 0,1% Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana) extract with a high content of phenolic compound, flavonol, tocopherol, luthein, chlorophyll, and ellagic acid has potential to prevent the Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) effect on skin aging acceleration. To date, there’s no in vivo experiment on the effect of kakadu plum extract on collagen nor matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1). This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Kakadu cream administration in inhibiting the increase of MMP-1 expressions and prevent the decrease of collagen amount in mice (Mus musculus) skin exposed to UV-B.
 
 An experimental study with a post-test only control group design was employed in 36 male mice, 6-8 weeks old, weighing 20-25 grams. The samples were divided randomly into two groups, a control group given base cream and the study group, given Kakadu cream 0,1% on their shaved backs, 1 cm2 in size as the UV-B exposure's location. The UV-B irradiation was done three times a week for 4 weeks. The base and Kakadu cream were given twice a day. Comparative analysis was carried out to compare MMP-1 expression and collagen amount in both groups.
 
 The results show that the mean of MMP-1 expression on the study group was significantly lower compared to control group (p<0.001). The mean collagen amount was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p< 0,001).
 
 From the results, can be concluded that Kakadu cream inhibited the increase MMP-1 expression and prevent the decrease of collagen amount in mice skin exposed to UV-B.
Highlights
Ultraviolet (UV) rays exposure is one of the main extrinsic causes of the skin aging process, often called photoaging
The results show that the mean of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression on the study group was significantly lower compared to control group (p
This study's final results found that the mean difference was significant in the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression of the study group given 0.1% Kakadu cream, which was lower than the mean of the control group given base cream
Summary
Ultraviolet (UV) rays exposure is one of the main extrinsic causes of the skin aging process, often called photoaging. Many ways are done to reduce skin damage caused by ultraviolet ray exposure such as wearing clothes to avoid direct and excessive sun exposure, using sunscreen creams or lotions that contain antioxidants, or use oral and topical antioxidants.[4] Naturally, the body will make antioxidants, including superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione, as defense factors from free radical exposure. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Kakadu cream administration in inhibiting the increase of MMP-1 expressions and prevent the decrease of collagen amount in mice (Mus musculus) skin exposed to UV-B. Results: The results show that the mean of MMP-1 expression on the study group was significantly lower compared to control group (p
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