Tergitol@SiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic nano-material and experimental design methodology: An effective and selective adsorbent for solid phase microextraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometric analysis of lead in different matrixes

Abstract

In current paper, we synthesized a new and functional magnetic Tergitol@SiO2@Fe3O4. The synthesized magnetic nano-material was characterized in detail using transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Then, the applicability of the synthesized nano-material to the separation and preconcentration of Pb(II) ions was investigated prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination. In order to ensure efficient and selective extraction of Pb(II), major variables such as pH, adsorbent amount, and adsorption time were optimized by multivariate methodology based on Box-Behnken design. Under the optimized conditions, linearity, detection limit, enhancement factor, and relative standard deviation (RSD%) were 0.2–250 µg L−1, 0.07 µg L−1, 84, and 1.8%, respectively. Accuracy and precision of the optimized method were investigated by using two certified reference materials (INCT-TL-1-tea leaves and SRM-1643e Trace elements in water), and good recoveries (94.7–103.9%) with low RSDs were achieved. Finally, the optimized method was successfully applied for the determination and separation of lead in different matrixes.