Terapia de reemplazo de nicotina

Abstract

All commercially available forms of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (gum, transdermal patch, nasal spray, inhaler and sublingual tablets/pills) can help to quit smoking successfully. NRT increases the cessation rate by 50 to 70%. The combination of a nicotine patch with a rapid dosage form of NRT is more effective than a single type of NRT. There is no difference in efficacy between NRT and bupropion, the combination of NRT and bupropion is more effective than bupropion alone. The effects are largely independent of the duration of therapy, the intensity of the support provided or the setting in which the NRT was offered. According to Chilean experts, NRT can be used in adolescents, as chewing gum 2 mg adding behavioral therapy. If a pregnant woman expresses a clear desire to use NRT, it is suggested (i) discuss the associated risks and benefits with her, (ii) use it only if the cessation fails with non-pharmacological measures and iii) use the professional approach when deciding whether to offer the prescription of NRT, considering the level of addiction of the pregnant woman and the presence of comorbidities. TRN exists in Chile, but is not currently available in the public health system.