Abstract
Panax quinquefolium is a perennial herbaceous plant that contains many beneficial ginsenosides with diverse pharmacological effects. 24(R)-pseudoginsenoside F11 is specific to P. quinquefolium, a useful biomarker for distinguishing this species from other related plants. However, because of its nonconjugated property and the complexity of existing detection methods, this biomarker cannot be used as the identification standard. We herein present a stable 24(R)-pseudoginsenoside F11 fingerprint spectrum in the terahertz band, thereby proving that F11 can be detected and quantitatively analyzed via terahertz spectroscopy. We also analyzed the sample by high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The difference between the normalized data for the two analytical methods was less than 5%. Furthermore, P. quinquefolium from different areas and other substances can be clearly distinguished based on these terahertz spectra with a standard principal component analysis. Our method is a fast, simple, and cost-effective approach for identifying and quantitatively analyzing P. quinquefolium.
Highlights
Panax quinquefolium, which is a herbaceous species in the family Araliaceae [1], is a valuable medicinal plant in many countries because of its antihypertensive, nerve cell stimulatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties
P. quinquefolium and ginseng can be distinguished by traditional methods, high-performance liquid chromatography- (HPLC-)
We developed a new method enabling the accurate, rapid, and cost-effective identification and quantitative analysis of 24(R)-pseudoginsenoside F11
Summary
Panax quinquefolium, which is a herbaceous species in the family Araliaceae [1], is a valuable medicinal plant in many countries because of its antihypertensive, nerve cell stimulatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. The medicinal qualities of P. quinquefolium are due to its diverse ginsenosides that are beneficial to humans, with extensive pharmacological effects on the central nervous system [2, 3], cardiovascular system [4, 5], endocrine system [6, 7], and immune system [8]. These compounds are useful for treating cancer [9,10,11]. P. quinquefolium and ginseng can be distinguished by traditional methods (e.g., analysis of appearance, application of microscopy, and examination of physical and chemical properties), high-performance liquid chromatography- (HPLC-)
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