Abstract
The nonlinear interaction between intense terahertz (THz) pulses and epitaxial multilayer graphene is studied by field-resolved THz pump–probe spectroscopy. THz excitation results in a transient induced absorption with decay times of a few picoseconds, much faster than carrier recombination in single graphene layers. The decay times increase with decreasing temperature and increasing amplitude of the excitation. This behaviour originates from the predominant coupling of electrons to the electromagnetic field via the very strong interband dipole moment while scattering processes with phonons and impurities play a minor role. The nonlinear response at field amplitudes above 1 kV cm−1 is in the carrier-wave Rabi flopping regime with a pronounced coupling of the graphene layers via the radiation field. Theoretical calculations account for the experimental results.
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