Abstract
The electromagnetic properties of structures with spatially periodic distributed graded refractive index were investigated in the terahertz frequency range. The band structure and electromagnetic response of material with harmonically distributed refractive index were calculated and analyzed. The analytical expressions for frequencies of the first and second bandgap are derived. 3D printed gyroid based architectures were proven to be harmonically graded refractive index structures with designed bandgaps in THz frequency ranges. The transmission coefficient of thermoplastic polyurethane-based samples were experimentally measured in the frequency range 100–500 GHz and compared with theoretical results. Due to losses in the real world produced samples, the predicted response is significantly dumped in the terahertz range and only traces of band gaps are experimentally observed. This funding paves the way toward a new generation of 3D printed THz components for gradient-index optics applications.
Highlights
The dielectric based periodic structures are widely investigated in the visible frequency range [1,2,3]and often may be considered as graded refractive index materials [4,5], being a practical realization of a gradient-index optics [6,7,8]
The mentioned above band structures of materials with a harmonically distributed refractive index may be useful for terahertz applications
The obtained results show that structures with a harmonically distributed refractive index might be utilized as materials with controlled bandgap in the terahertz frequency range
Summary
The dielectric based periodic structures are widely investigated in the visible frequency range [1,2,3]. Often may be considered as graded refractive index materials [4,5], being a practical realization of a gradient-index optics [6,7,8]. The mechanically tunable microwave properties of gyroid photonic crystal were investigated in [18]. In this communication, we suggest simple and reproducible road toward THz gradient-index optics by 3D printing of gyroid-based architectures as harmonically graded refractive index structures. We suggest simple and reproducible road toward THz gradient-index optics by 3D printing of gyroid-based architectures as harmonically graded refractive index structures We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally the possibility to design the bandgap of 3D printed gyroid based structure in the submillimeter frequency range
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