Teori Penjulukan

Dadi Ahmadi,Aliyah Nuraini

doi:10.29313/mediator.v6i2.1209

Abstract

Labelling theory, famously associated with Howard Becker, was resulted from deviation studies which flourished in the late years of 1950s. Labelling theory, as part of interaction symbolic school of thought, assumed deviation as interactional function between deviants and non-deviants, rather than individual inherent characteristic. Labelling theory consisted of four tenets: (1) Social label for particular action; (2) criminal act is resulted from social rules; (2) social control is worsening criminal problems; and (4) there are interrelated bonds within people who being labeled and their counterparts who give them any label. Media, for some ideological reasons, implied labeling theory in their narration which acted as a mean for social construction.

Highlights

(2) social control is worsening criminal problems; and (4) there are interrelated bonds within people who being labeled and their counterparts who give them any label
Famously associated with Howard Becker, was resulted from deviation studies which flourished in the late years of 1950s
Labelling theory consisted of four tenets: (1) Social label for particular action; (2) criminal act is resulted from social rules; (2) social control is worsening criminal problems; and (4) there are interrelated bonds within people who being labeled and their counterparts who give them any label

Summary

Latar Belakang Teori Penjulukan

Labelling theory atau teori penjulukan dapat disebut juga sebagai teori reaksi sosial. Teori ini diilhami terutama oleh teori interaksi simbolik dari. Manusia belajar memainkan berbagai peran dan mengasumsikan identitas yang relevan dengan peran-peran ini, terlibat dalam kegiatan yang menunjukkan kepada satu sama lainnya siapa dan apa mereka, serta mendefinisikan situasi-situasi yang mereka masuki. Teori penjulukan muncul sebagai akibat dari studi mengenai deviasi (penyimpangan perilaku), sekitar akhir tahun 50 an dan awal tahun 60 an, dan merupakan suatu penolakan terhadap teori konsensus atau teori struktural fungsional yang memahami deviasi sebagai perilaku yang menyimpang yang dapat mengganggu normanorma sosial di masyarakat. Deviasi bukanlah sebuah cara berperilaku, melainkan “nama” yang di berikan kepada sesuatu, sebuah label/penandaan. Ini menandakan bahwa deviasi bukanlah sesuatu yang inheren dengan perilaku melainkan suatu outcome bagaimana individu dan perilaku mereka dilabel

Awal Perkembangannya

Asumsi Dasar Teori Penjulukan

Empat Elemen Teori Penjulukan

Konstruksi Sosial Teori Penjulukan di Media Massa