Tension Pneumothorax with Cardiac Arrest Complicating Bronchoscopy in a Nut - Aspirated Child

Abstract

Tension pneumothorax is one of the most disastrous complications of rigid bronchoscopy. Despite being rare, it can be fatal. We present a case of a one-year-old child who aspirated a hazelnut and underwent rigid bronchoscopy for removal. Intraoperatively, he developed tension pneumothorax resulting in cardiac arrest. The procedure was discontinued however completed safely the day after. Subsequently, he developed severe hypoxic brain injury post cardiac arrest, aspiration pneumonia, kidney failure, and requiring high ventilatory and inotropic support. The child succumbed to death seven days later due to multiorgan failure.