Abstract
Human palatine tonsils are potential tissue source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The proliferation rate of palatine tonsil-derived MSCs (TMSCs) is far higher than that of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs). In our previous study, we had found through DNA microarray analysis that tensin-3 (TNS3), a type of focal adhesion protein, was more highly expressed in TMSCs than in both BMSCs and ADSCs. Here, the role of TNS3 in TMSCs and its relationship with integrin were investigated. TNS3 expression was significantly elevated in TMSCs than in other cell types. Cell growth curves revealed a significant decrease in the proliferation and migration of TMSCs treated with siRNA for TNS3 (siTNS3). siTNS3 treatment upregulated p16 and p21 levels and downregulated SOX2 expression and focal adhesion kinase, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. siTNS3 transfection significantly reduced adipogenic differentiation of TMSCs and slightly decreased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Furthermore, TNS3 inhibition reduced active integrin beta-1 (ITGβ1) expression, while total ITGβ1 expression was not affected. Inhibition of ITGβ1 expression in TMSCs by siRNA showed similar results observed in TNS3 inhibition. Thus, TNS3 may play an important role in TMSC proliferation and differentiation by regulating active ITGβ1 expression.
Highlights
Human palatine tonsils have emerged as a new source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1,2,3,4]
We previously found that the stem cells are located in the perivascular area of the palatine tonsil using a novel marker for endometrial MSCs, W5C5 [5], and their proliferation potential, which is the most important functional factor for stem cells, was significantly higher than that of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) [4]
To confirm that TNS3 is more highly expressed in tonsil-derived MSCs (TMSCs) than in the other cells, reverse transcription (RT)-qPCR was conducted to detect TNS3 mRNA in TMSCs for comparison with that in ADSCs and BMSCs from four different donors
Summary
Human palatine tonsils have emerged as a new source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1,2,3,4]. Palatine tonsil tissue is much easier to obtain than bone marrow or adipose tissue. As tonsillectomy is performed on many children before 10 years of age, the abandoned tonsil tissues can be used for MSC banking [2]. We previously found that the stem cells are located in the perivascular area of the palatine tonsil using a novel marker for endometrial MSCs, W5C5 [5], and their proliferation potential, which is the most important functional factor for stem cells, was significantly higher than that of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) [4]
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