Abstract
The manufacturing industry is an important part of the national industrial system, and is usually an industry with high carbon content. However, few studies have been carried out on the total amount, structure and the trend of the embodied carbon emission in the international trade of the Chinese manufacturing industry. Based on the input–output method, the thesis proposes the coefficient of direct carbon emission and complete carbon emission and a method for calculating the embodied carbon of the export trade. It also calculates the coefficient of direct carbon emission and complete carbon emission for the Chinese manufacturing sector from 2000 to 2015 and breaks down the embodied carbon change of export trade in the manufacturing industry to a technological effect, structural effect and scale effect by using the method of structural decomposition. Several inspiring conclusions could be drawn from the thesis. For example: (1) the coefficient of both the direct carbon emission and the complete carbon emission has been decreasing significantly, indicating the achievements of the energy saving and emission reduction of the Chinese manufacturing industry. (2) The embodied carbon emission from the manufacturing exports remains high and presents a rising tendency. The main sectors that export the embodied carbon includes “S10 mechanical equipment and instruments”, “S9 metal products”, “S6 chemical industry”, etc., which should be the key sectors on reducing embodied carbon in exports. (3) The driving force of the embodied carbon exports lies in the scale effect of the manufacturing industry, on which the technical effect of the industry has a significant negative effect. The structural effect should have a positive influence that takes on a rising tendency; generally, this effect is only two-thirds of the scale effect. Finally, the corresponding policy suggestions have been made.
Highlights
The manufacturing industry is a core component of a country’s industrial system
It can be inferred that the manufacturing sectors have continuously raised the level of production technology and energy use during this period of time and some preliminary results of the energy saving and emission reduction have been achieved in one sector because of China’s gradual emphasis on energy and environment
By using the latest data in the OECD database, it calculates the coefficient of the direct carbon emission and complete carbon emission and the embodied carbon in the export trade of the Chinese manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2015 and decomposes the
Summary
The manufacturing industry is a core component of a country’s industrial system. With the capacity to encourage other industries, promote employment and increase tax income, it has been given priority by governments. Factors that affected the dynamic changes of the embodied carbon in the Chinese manufacturing industry need to be calculated in detail, which, upon completion, could provide empirical evidence for the Chinese government to carry out negotiations on carbon emission reduction with countries, formulate detailed plans for carbon emission reduction and import and export trade and make contributions to the sustainable development of the Chinese manufacturing industry [8]. Based on the above considerations, the thesis proposes the coefficient of direct carbon emission and complete carbon emission and a method for calculating the embodied carbon of the export trade by applying the input–output method It calculates the coefficient of direct carbon emission and complete carbon emission for every Chinese manufacturing sector from 2000 to 2015 and decomposes the embodied carbon change of export trade in the manufacturing industry to technological effect, structural effect and scale effect by using the method of structural decomposition. The rest of the paper is as follows: the second part is the thesis statement; the third part is the model construction; the fourth part is the data source and data processing; the fifth part is the analysis of the calculated embodied carbon; the sixth part is the analysis of the technology, structure and scale effects of the embodied carbon; the final part is the conclusions and further discussion
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