Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the autoimmunity in first degrees relatives (FDR) of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the progression to T1DM after 10 years of follow up in the Brazilian population. Non-diabetic FDR of T1DM patients were interviewed and blood was drawn for autoantibodies measurement (GADA, IA-2A, IAA, ZnT8A). Serum samples were analyzed by standard radioligand binding assays performed at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (GADA, IAA and IA2A), and at the Skäne University Hospital, Sweden (ZnT8A). The FDR were interviewed by phone after 10 years to determine if they had developed T1DM. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and results were described as means and standard deviation (SD). 81 individuals were analyzed. Thirteen subjects had positive autoantibodies associated with T1DM.10 were positive for 1 autoantibody and 3 subjects were positive for multiple autoantibodies (1 of them showed positivity for 2 autoantibodies - GADA, ZnT8A - and the other two were positive for 3 autoantibodies - GADA, IA2A, ZnT8A). The 3 subjects with multiple positive autoantibodies developed T1DM within 10 years. In Brazilian FDR of T1DM patients, the positivity for multiple autoantibodies indicate a greater chance of progression to T1DM, similar to observed in Caucasians. ZnT8A was helpful in the risk assessment for T1DM development.
Highlights
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells
The population of T1DM patients had a total of 81 patients
We evaluated the risk of developing T1DM in first degrees relatives (FDR) of T1DM patients based on the detection of positive autoantibodies
Summary
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. The aim of this study was to assess the autoimmunity in first degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with T1DM and the progression to T1DM after 10 years in the multiethnic Brazilian population. Brazilian non-diabetic FDRs of patients with T1DM who were being followed up at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and the State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology Luiz Capriglione (IEDE) were invited to participate in this study. The presence of hallmark symptoms, such as polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia and/or of weight loss before the diagnosis, ketoacidosis at diagnosis, abrupt development of diabetes and/or the need for insulin therapy were used as criteria to define T1DM, associated with the presence of autoantibodies [17]. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and results are presented as means and standard deviation (SD)
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