Temporomandibular disorders in Class II malocclusion patients after surgical mandibular advancement treatment as compared to non-treated patients.

Abstract

Severe malocclusions may cause functional and aesthetic problems and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Studies have investigated association between malocclusions and TMDs and shown controversial findings. Purpose of this investigation was to examine the prevalence of TMD sub-diagnoses, using Diagnostic Criteria for the TMD (DC/TMD), in patients with Class II malocclusion and retrognathic mandible who had undergone mandibular advancement surgery 4-8years previously, and to compare their frequencies with non-treated patients with a similar pre-existing condition. Study cohort comprised 151 patients who had orthognathic treatment due to mandibular retrognathia in 2007-2011. Seventy-seven (51%) participated in the study (Group 1). Group 2 comprised 22 patients who were planned for orthognathic treatment but had not started their treatment. Patients filled in the Finnish version of the DC/TMD Symptom Questionnaire and were examined using to the DC/TMD Axis I. DC/TMD Symptom Questionnaire were inquired by phone from 24 of the 74 patients who did not participate in the study. Results showed that Group 2 had more myalgia (13% vs 50%, P<0.001) and arthralgia (18% vs 65%, P<0.001) sub-diagnoses than Group 1. A tendency was noted that Group 2 had more pain-related TMD symptoms than Group 1. No differences were found between Groups 1 and 3 in gender and age distribution or frequency TMD symptoms. Prevalence of especially pain-related TMD diagnoses was higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1, thus indicating a possible beneficial effect of this treatment for TMD.