Abstract
Mesenchymal and epithelial stem cells were identified in dental tissues; however, knowledge about the odontogenic stem cells is limited, and there are some questions regarding their temporo-spatial dynamics in tooth development. Objective Our study aimed to analyze the expression of the stem cell markers CD146 and p75NTR during the different stages of odontogenesis.Methodology The groups consisted of 13.5, 15.5, 17.5 days old embryos, and 14 days postnatal BALB/c mice. The expression of CD146 and p75NTR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Results Our results showed that positive cells for both markers were present in all stages of tooth development, and the number of positive cells increased with the progression of this process. Cells of epithelial and ectomesenchymal origin were positive for CD146, and the expression of p75NTR was mainly detected in the dental papilla and dental follicle. In the postnatal group, dental pulp cells were positive for CD146, and the reduced enamel epithelium and the oral mucosa epithelium showed immunostaining for p75NTR.Conclusions These results suggest that the staining pattern of CD146 and p75NTR underwent temporal and spatial changes during odontogenesis and both markers were expressed by epithelial and mesenchymal cell types, which is relevant due to the significance of the epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions in tooth development.
Highlights
Odontogenesis in mammals begins with the migration of neural crest cells derived from the ectoderm
Sources of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were already obtained from different dental tissues;4 several studies demonstrated their promising use for tooth repair and regeneration and for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine
Positive cells for CD146 were detected on the dental epithelium and ectomesenchyme, whereas p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was expressed only in the ectomesenchymal condensation (Figure 1A–C)
Summary
Odontogenesis in mammals begins with the migration of neural crest cells derived from the ectoderm. These cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics and are considered ectomesenchymal cells. The epithelial cells proliferate and migrate into the ectomesenchyme, and interactions between these two tissues form a continuous, thickened, so-called primary epithelial band. Dental lamina differentiates from the primary epithelial band and invaginates into the underlying ectomesenchyme to form the epithelial buds. Epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions essential for the development of all dental tissues involve a series of molecular and signaling events, in which stem cells play a central role, especially the embryonic ones.. Sources of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were already obtained from different dental tissues; several studies demonstrated their promising use for tooth repair and regeneration and for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine.. Epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions essential for the development of all dental tissues involve a series of molecular and signaling events, in which stem cells play a central role, especially the embryonic ones. Sources of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were already obtained from different dental tissues; several studies demonstrated their promising use for tooth repair and regeneration and for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. On the other hand, the isolation and characterization of stem cells involved in tooth development, i.e., odontogenic stem cells, remains a challenge
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