Abstract
ABSTRACT: Based on the panel data of 134 counties (cities and districts) from 1998 to 2017, the temporal-spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural eco-efficiency in Shandong Province were analyzed by using various methods, such as the super-efficiency SBM (slacks-based measure) model considering undesired output and the STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model, which helps clarify the improvements needed for agricultural eco-efficiency and provides a basis for the development of ecological agriculture in Shandong Province. Results showed the following: (1) During 1998-2017, the agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province showed a fluctuating increasing tendency, but the overall efficiency value wasrelatively low. (2) The agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province had a significant regional disparity, and its spatial agglomeration gradually weakened. The spatial distribution had a sporadic distribution of high value areas at first and then gradually formed the “low-high-low-high” zonal distribution from west to east. (3) The net income per capita of farmers and the added value of the primary industry had a significantly positive correlation with the agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province, while the mechanization level, the planting area per capita, the level of financial support to agriculture and the planting structure exhibited a mainly negative correlation with the agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province. Moreover, the added value of the primary industry and the financial support to agriculture in the 0.75 quantile had no significant influence on the agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province, and the planting structure in the 0.25 and 0.75 quantiles also had no significant influence.
Highlights
Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy and guarantees social development in China
The added value of the primary industry and the financial support to agriculture in the 0.75 quantile had no significant influence on the agricultural eco-efficiency of Shandong Province, and the planting structure in the 0.25 and 0.75 quantiles had no significant influence
From 1998 to 2001, agricultural eco-efficiency declined slowly, and theredundancy rate of input and undesired output increased from 75% and 77% in 1998 to 88% and 92% in 2001; respectively, reaching its maximum over the whole research period; the redundancy rate of desired output remained unchanged, indicating that the decline in agricultural eco-efficiency in 1998~2001 was mainly due to the increase in redundancy of input and undesired output
Summary
Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy and guarantees social development in China. With the rapid development of the agricultural economy, a series of problems, such as ecological deterioration, environmental pollution, and resource waste, occurs (HOU et al, 2018a). According to the data in the “Construction Planning of Demonstration Project of Comprehensive Control for Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution in Key Watersheds (2016 ~ 2020)”, the chemical fertilizer consumption in China was 60.22 million tons in 2015, and the utilization rate was only 35.2%. Agricultural plastic film consumption has reached 1.45 million tons, but the recovery rate has been less than two-thirds. Agricultural pollution continues to be serious due to the imperfect supervision system, minimal public awareness about prevention and inadequate pollution treatment technologies, which influence food security, ecological security and even social and economic development. Reducing environmental pollution under the premise of maintaining the rapid growth of the agricultural economy; coordinating among resource savings, ecological soundness and agricultural development; and improving the ecological efficiency of agriculture are necessary trends to attain the sustainable development of resources, the environment and the social economy
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