Abstract
In recent years, agroforestry and silvopastoral systems have been gaining ground in rural areas, especially due to great acceptance by the population of products from locations that preserve the environment, being able to produce food and preserve the natural resources. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal variation of the chemical attributes of the soil in pasture areas managed with silvopastoral system and full sun (monoculture). The areas were evaluated in 2011, 2014 and 2017. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Both systems presented reductions in the levels of organic matter over the evaluated period, reflecting the degradability of the material deposited in the soil. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that the silvopastoral system (SPS) was more efficient in maintaining the organic component when compared with monoculture, despite not maintaining regularity in the levels of organic matter in the soil. As for the other chemical parameters, there were also changes, especially related to phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). For P, low replacement via organic material from the pasture and/or native trees in the SSP system were observed, resulting in a marked reduction over time. As for K, the presence of the nutrient was critical in both studied systems and depths, showing low replacement through litter.
Highlights
Production systems that allow the conservation of the environment and the production of food simultaneously have gained prominence in recent years
It is essential that silvopastoral systems (SPS) can properly introduce the forage component in areas that are in the process of natural recovery, which are common in the humid tropics
This study aimed to evaluate the temporal variation of the chemical attributes of the soil in silvopastoral and full sun system over seven years of exploration
Summary
Production systems that allow the conservation of the environment and the production of food simultaneously have gained prominence in recent years. The search for more efficient production systems has been spread worldwide. There is a similarity in the search for sustainable and socioeconomic production alternatives (Cubbage et al, 2012). It is essential that silvopastoral systems (SPS) can properly introduce the forage component in areas that are in the process of natural recovery, which are common in the humid tropics. This type of system can become a viable and appropriate alternative to the edaphoclimatic variations in the Amazon, reducing deforestation by breaking the vicious cycle observed in livestock and migratory agriculture, a very common situation in northern Brazil (Couto et al, 2017). For a better understanding of the association of native plants and pasture, it is necessary to study the soil impacts caused by this system
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