Abstract
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the updated prevalence of MetS and provide a comprehensive illustration of the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence in China from 2011 to 2015.MethodsThe data for this study are from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and above from 28 provinces in mainland China. A total of 11,847 and 13,013 participants were eligible for data analysis at the two time points.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of MetS in 2015 was 20.41% (95% CI: 19.02–21.8%) by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) criteria, 34.77% (95% CI: 33.12–36.42%) by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, 39.68% (95% CI: 37.88–41.47%) by the revised ATP III criteria, and 25.55% (95% CI: 24.19–26.91%) by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. The prevalence was higher among women and elderly adults and in urban and northern populations. Furthermore, the trends in the prevalence decreased significantly between 2011 and 2015 by the ATP III, revised ATP III and CDS criteria. However, trends increased significantly from 2011 to 2015 by the IDF criteria.ConclusionsA higher prevalence of MetS is found in those who reported being middle aged and elderly, women, residing in northern China or living in urban areas. Additionally, temporal changes in the prevalence of MetS varied according to different criteria. Increased attention to the causes associated with populations who have higher levels of MetS is warranted.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases
The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) conducted in 2009, which is a longitudinal cohort study started in 1989 including a total of 7488 Chinese adults, declared that the overall age-standardized prevalence of MetS was 21.3% according to the revised ATP III criteria [9]
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in 2011 and 2015 The top half of Table 3 displays the total, sex, marital status- and residence-specific prevalence of MetS based on different definitions among Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults in 2011
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the updated prevalence of MetS and provide a comprehensive illustration of the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence in China from 2011 to 2015. According to data from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in ASIA (InterASIA), a cross-sectional study enrolled 15,540 Chinese adults aged 35–74 years in 2000, and the prevalence of MetS was 13.7% based on definition of the revised ATP III criteria [8]. The China National Stroke Prevention Project (CSPP) survey in 2014–2015 estimated that the prevalence of MetS was 18.4% based on data from 109,551 participants by the ATP III criteria [11]. The results of these national studies showed a high prevalence of MetS, which has become an important public health problem in China. It may be inappropriate to directly compare the results of these studies to reflect the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence due to cross-sectional design, different sampling methods, inconsistent measurement of indicators, age range of participants and the definitions of MetS adopted
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