Temporal trends in the management of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures in the 21st century: an analysis of Australian population-based data.

Abstract

Fractures of the hand, specifically the metacarpals and phalanges, are a common injury. Whilst many of these fractures can be treated non-operatively, a number of advances have led to the increase in popularity of surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to assess and describe trends in management of phalangeal and metacarpal fractures in Australia over the last two decades. A review was conducted of the Medicare Benefits Scheme (MBS), specifically querying the item numbers pertaining to the management of metacarpal and phalanx fractures. Data was recorded as the incidence per 100 000 patients. Overall, there was a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of closed reduction of metacarpal and phalanx fractures, with a converse statistically significant increase in open reduction internal fixation. This study demonstrates that over the last 20 years, there has been a decrease in closed reduction of intra- and extra-articular phalangeal and metacarpal fractures, with a converse but smaller increase in open reduction and fixation. These trends are likely multi-factorial in aetiology, and should be monitored to guide resource allocation and health provision in the future.