Abstract
Optical solitons are self-stabilizing structures in which nonlinear effects counteract dispersion or diffraction. The dynamics of optical Kerr solitons, and in particular their interactions with low-amplitude radiation, have previously been shown to be crucial in understanding super continuum generation in optical fibers. Here the authors present a theory of interaction of quadratic solitons with radiation, and demonstrate that such phenomena can be observed in newly emerging Lithium Niobate nano-waveguides.
Highlights
Temporal solitons are an important class of solitary waves well known in the context of nonlinear optics [1]
At high powers solitons localized in both fundamental frequency (FF) and second harmonic (SH) are expected in regime B but due to the large walk-off (s1) in the lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) structure this threshold is estimated to be 500 MW peak power and experimentally unattainable
As Kerr solitons cannot exist for normal GVD [4] any experimentally observed solitons in this frequency range could only be due to χ (2) nonlinearity
Summary
Temporal solitons are an important class of solitary waves well known in the context of nonlinear optics [1]. The sign of such effective Kerr interaction is controlled by the sign of the phase mismatch This makes the parameter space of existence of such cascaded χ (2) temporal solitons considerably wider than in native χ (3) systems [4]. Existence of quadratic temporal solitons away from the cascading limit requires a more complicated balance between nonlinear interaction, dispersion, and walk-off due to the mismatch of group velocities of the two copropagating FF and SH pulses. The small mode size in these nanowaveguides enhances nonlinearity [11], reducing required peak powers to achieve efficient nonlinear interactions Their strong guidance provides geometrically tuneable dispersion allowing direct phase matching between modes [13,14], as well as considerable reduction of group velocity mismatch between FF and SH modes within wide frequency ranges [15]. [→e ∗m h m]dAw, where hm is the magnetic field profile for the mode m and Aw is the cross section of the whole waveguide, over which the integral is performed ( the χ (2) material)
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