Temporal patterns of cotton Fusarium and Verticillium wilt in Jiangsu coastal areas of China

Ya’nan Zhang,Xingxiang Wang,Xiaogang Li,Wenhua Xu,Changfeng Ding

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12985-1

Ya’nan Zhang, Xingxiang Wang + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12985-1

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Abstract

Cotton diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi present a major constraint to cotton production not only in China but also worldwide. A long-term field inventory was made of the prevalence of Fusarium and Verticillium wilt of cotton in the Jiangsu coastal area of China from 2000 to 2014. Various factors (crop varieties, rotation and weather) were analyzed to explore the dynamics of these diseases in cotton. The results showed that the prevalence of Fusarium and Verticillium wilt increased before 2005 and that Verticillium wilt remained at a high incidence over most of the past 10 years, while Fusarium wilt began to gradually decrease after 2005. The dynamics of Fusarium and Verticillium wilt were closely associated with the introduced cotton varieties and the intensive cropping history. In addition, weather conditions occurring during some of the years appeared to coincide with a substantial variation in the wilt diseases. Our study highlighted epidemiological dynamics of Fusarium and Verticillium wilt in a long-term survey.

Highlights

IntroductionThere are two races of Verticillium dahliae that infect cotton, which was classified as defoliating or nondefoliating based on symptoms[7]
Previous work on the region concluded that there were few observations of Fusarium wilt resulting in cotton death, and the incidence of Verticillium wilt was generally less than 10% during the period of 1995–200022,23, which indicated that both cotton diseases had a lower prevalence before 2000
This study provided data from a long-term inventory of the temporal patterns of Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt in cotton

Summary

Introduction

There are two races of Verticillium dahliae that infect cotton, which was classified as defoliating or nondefoliating based on symptoms[7] These pathogens can exist in the forms of mycelia, chlamydospores, microsclerotia in soil and crop debris, and can persist in soil for extended periods until a new cycle of infection begins[4]. Studies focused on the connections between certain cotton diseases and the potential individual causal factors over limited growing seasons of observation in the field Many of these relationships are still not well-understood, and long-term studies over successive years are needed. The objectives of the current study were to (i) investigate the prevalence and incidence of cotton Fusarium and Verticillium wilt over a 15-year consecutive time period and to (ii) analyze the characteristics of the disease occurrences, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for the development and evaluation of preventive crop protection measures

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