Temporal Pattern of Individual Neurological Function Recovery in Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Abstract

Background: There is paucity of studies on the temporal pattern of recovery of facial, bulbar, sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), although many studies have reported short- and long-term functional outcomes. We report the temporal pattern of recovery of various neurological functions in GBS, and compare the pattern of recovery between acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Methods: Forty-two patients with GBS were prospectively included, and their clinical details, including peak disability on a 0-6 scale, were noted. The day of complete recovery in motor, sensory, facial, bulbar, and autonomic functions during 3 months of follow-up was recorded. Results: Complete recovery of autonomic function occurred in all (median, 12 days), bulbar weakness in 91.3% (median, 15 days), facial weakness in 86.2% (median, 19 days), and sensory functions in 82.1% (median, 20 days). Only 9.5% of patients achieved normal motor function within 3 months. The days of complete recovery of bulbar, facial, autonomic, and motor deficits were comparable between AIDP and AMAN. Demyelinating GBS had an earlier recovery of bulbar and sensory functions. Conclusions: The neurological recovery in GBS occurs first in the autonomic, followed by the bulbar, facial, sensory, and motor functions. The demyelinating type had an earlier recovery of bulbar and sensory functions.