Abstract

espanolEn los ambientes acuaticos, especialmente en las zonas de sombra (donde la produccion primaria esta limitada por las condiciones de poca luz), el flujo de energia y el ciclo de materia organica son fundamentales para el mantenimiento del metabolismo del sistema. La descomposicion de los detritos organicos es un proceso clave para su movilizacion a traves de las cadenas troficas. Nuestro objetivo fue describir la dinamica temporal de la descomposicion de hojarasca en un arroyo tropical con un bosque de ribera degradado por la extraccion de palmeras. Se recogio la entrada vertical de la hojarasca mensualmente en un arroyo natural y se incubaron las hojas en el arroyo afectado. Cada mes, se recogieron las muestras, y se incubaron un conjunto de nuevas muestras. Se estimaron las tasas de descomposicion de la hojarasca (k), la biomasa microbiana, la esporulacion de hongos y la comunidad de invertebrados. Se observan valores mas altos de k en verano, muy probablemente debido a las altas temperaturas (aumento de la actividad metabolica) y precipitacion (mayor abrasion fisica).Los invertebrados(mayoritariamente trituradores) y el numero total de microorganismos no mostraron influencia en las tasas de descomposicion. Por lo tanto, en este muestreo temporal, el flujo de agua, la temperatura y la precipitacion fueron los factores que controlan la k en este arroyo. Los valores de k son similares con otros entornos naturales, muy probablemente debido a que la degradacion del bosque de ribera es una modificacion estructural y no representa una fuente de contaminacion. EnglishIn aquatic environments, especially in shaded patches (where primary production is limited by the low-light conditions), energy flow and organic-matter cycling are fundamental for maintaining a system’s metabolism. The breakdown of this organic detritus is a key process for its remobilization into the trophic chains. Our objective was to describe the temporal dynamics of leaf breakdown in a tropical stream with a riparian canopy degraded by the extraction of palm trees. The vertical input of leaves was collected monthly in a natural stream and incubated for 30 days in a stream with a degraded canopy. Leaf breakdown rates (k), and leaf associated microbial biomass, fungal sporulation and invertebrate community were estimated. Higher values of k were observed in summer most likely due to high temperatures (increased metabolic activity) and rainfall (higher physical abrasion). Aquatic invertebrates (mainly shredders) and total microorganisms showed no overall influence on leaf breakdown rates. Therefore, in this large temporal sampling, water flow, temperature and precipitation were the factors controlling k in this stream. There were no observed changes in k compared to natural environments, most likely because the canopy degradation is a structural modification and does not represent a source of pollution.

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