Abstract
The most common psychopathological comorbid disorder in epilepsy is depression. We conducted a comprehensive examination of 80 patients with epilepsy. All the patients underwent neuroimaging and electroencephalography mapping. Beck and Spielberger-Khanin tests were used to assess a degree of severity of interictal depression and anxiety disorder. The presence of structural-metabolic disorders is important in the development of depression in patients with epilepsy. First of all, it is the deficit of corpus callosum, fornix and brain stem tracts that is registered when conducting a voxel-morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging. The findings indicate the presence of a larger deafferentation on the side of an epileptic focus. According to our results, psychoemotional disorders in epilepsy are associated with neurometabolic disorders in external parts of brain temporal lobes. The reduction of main peak amplitude P300, which is an objective characteristic of attention processes, correlates with metabolic process disorders in hippocampal structures. The combination of the cluster of a tractographic picture depletion in frontal parts and the cluster of the reduction of imaging brain commissures is the most unfavorable one in relation to developing cognitive and psychoemotional disorders in epilepsy. Modern neuroimaging techniques add more clinical criteria for epilepsy.
Highlights
Epilepsy is rather a common disease which is at the boundary of neurology and psychiatry
Diffusion tensor MRI with tractography lets extend the conception of microstructural changes of gray and white matter integrity in epilepsy and define an etiological structural-metabolic subtype of this disease according to the recommendations of the International League against Epilepsy [1]
The results obtained showed that epilepsy is characterized by a variety of changes of brain white matter passers which lead to disconnecting certain brain areas that in its turn causes a further impairment of connections between cortical and subcortical parts and changes an information transmission
Summary
Epilepsy is rather a common disease which is at the boundary of neurology and psychiatry. The development and application of new antiepileptic drugs let improve patient life quality due to seizures control but influence their social functioning as well. Certain psychiatric disorders, especially in a longterm clinical course, remain an important problem. They can manifest in the form of affective symptoms, behavioral reactions, transitory productive psychopathological disorders, and in some cases — in the form of deficit disorders including dementia. There is no common well-defined classification of mental disorders in patients with epilepsy. Aiming to systematize mental abnormalities, most researchers use their attitude to seizures, major clinical presentations, in their works
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