Temporal dissociation between myeloperoxidase (MPO)-modified LDL and MPO elevations during chronic sleep restriction and recovery in healthy young men.

Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia,Maria José Esposito,Dany Brohée,Michal Dyzma,Nicole Moguilevsky,Michel Vanhaeverbeek,Brice Faraut,Patricia Stenuit,Pierre Van Antwerpen,Luc Vanhamme,Myriam Kerkhofs,Namni Goel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028230

Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia, Maria José Esposito + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028230

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Abstract

ObjectivesMany studies have evaluated the ways in which sleep disturbances may influence inflammation and the possible links of this effect to cardiovascular risk. Our objective was to investigate the effects of chronic sleep restriction and recovery on several blood cardiovascular biomarkers.Methods and ResultsNine healthy male non-smokers, aged 22–29 years, were admitted to the Sleep Laboratory for 11 days and nights under continuous electroencephalogram polysomnography. The study consisted of three baseline nights of 8 hours sleep (from 11 pm to 7 am), five sleep-restricted nights, during which sleep was allowed only between 1 am and 6 am, and three recovery nights of 8 hours sleep (11 pm to 7 am). Myeloperoxidase-modified low-density lipoprotein levels increased during the sleep-restricted period indicating an oxidative stress. A significant increase in the quantity of slow-wave sleep was measured during the first recovery night. After this first recovery night, insulin-like growth factor-1 levels increased and myeloperoxidase concentration peaked.ConclusionsWe observed for the first time that sleep restriction and the recovery process are associated with differential changes in blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.

Highlights

The National Sleep Foundation report indicates that 43% of the American population sleep less than 7 hours on work days, compared with 30% during the weekend [1]
We observed for the first time that sleep restriction and the recovery process are associated with differential changes in blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease
On the first recovery night, there was a significant increase in the quantity of slow-wave sleep (SWS) when compared to baseline [Chi-square (6) = 15.1, p = 0.01] and to the 3rd baseline night [Chi-square (6) = 11.4, p = 0.01]

Summary

Introduction

The National Sleep Foundation report indicates that 43% of the American population sleep less than 7 hours on work days, compared with 30% during the weekend [1]. This report shows that sleep duration increases during the week-end, creating a possible recovery effect after five consecutive working days of shorter sleep duration (20% of adults report sleeping less than 6 h/ night). Van Leeuwen et al [3] showed that 5 nights of sleep restriction (4 h) increased the production of proinflammatory molecules, such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, IL-17 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). An increase in peripheral blood leukocyte count was observed after acute sleep restriction (2 h of sleep), which persisted after a recovery night. An increase in plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation reactions via the release of reactive halogenating and nitrating species, was observed after acute sleep restriction

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