Abstract
Heat load and cold stress can provoke annoyance and even health issues. These climatic situations should be avoided by tourists and locals to prevent negative experiences. Thermal comfort indices are required, as they combine meteorological and thermophysiological parameters. The Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) is easy to understand and interpret also for nonexperts like tourists or decision-makers. The Hungarian Meteorological Service and the University of Szeged run an urban and a rural weather station close to Szeged, which build the basis for the human biometeorological analysis for a twelve-year period between 2000 and 2011. The maximum, mean, and minimum air temperature of both stations were compared to detect the differences of thermal dynamics. Heat and cold stress are quantified by analyzing the PET frequencies at 14 CET. The air temperature of urban areas is on average 1.0°C warmer than rural areas (11.4°C). Heat stress is more frequent in urbanized areas (6.3%) during summer months at 14 CET, while thermal acceptance is more frequent for surrounding rural areas (5.9%) in the same period. The Climate-Tourism/Transfer-Information-Scheme is a possibility to present the meteorological and human biometeorological data which is interesting for decision-making and tourism in a well-arranged way.
Highlights
Tourism is an important economic sector in Hungary representing 11% of the Hungarian GDP [1]
This paper offers a bioclimatic information scheme developed for tourism purposes for the medium-sized Hungarian city of Szeged that could be used for urban planning
There are differences for Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) values during the day, as in summer heat stress occurs more frequently in urban areas at 14 CET, and thermal acceptance is more probable in the rural surroundings
Summary
Tourism is an important economic sector in Hungary representing 11% of the Hungarian GDP [1]. It is crucial to ascertain the temporal distribution of heat stress situations Both city-planning and tourism derive advantage from investigations of the urban and rural climatic conditions [9]. The Climate-Tourism/Transfer-Information-Scheme gives a clearly arranged overview of the most important meteorological and human-biometeorological factors which influence tourism potential and recreation. This paper offers a bioclimatic information scheme developed for tourism purposes for the medium-sized Hungarian city of Szeged that could be used for urban planning. It compares thermal and climatic differences between the city and its surroundings. Meteorological data comes from one urban and one rural station and covers the period from 2000 to 2011
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