Temporal and Spatial Spread of an Intersegmental Reflex in Crayfish

Abstract

Abstract An intersegmental reflex initiated by flexing a crayfish leg at the mero-carpal joint was examined by recording reflex response latencies of cephalic, thoracic and abdominal muscles. The first response was an intrasegmental resistance reflex in the extensor muscle of the stimulated leg. Spread of the intersegmental reflex occurred in both cephalic and caudal directions. Activation of the cephalic appendages occurred first (antennal levators, with latencies of 14–18 ms) while the abdominal musculature was activated last (superficial extensors, with latencies of 51–62ms). Shift of the stimulus site from the second to the fifth leg resulted in shorter latencies of the fifth leg and abdominal muscle responses while the latency for second leg extensor muscle discharge increased. Low correlation coefficients between the response latencies of pairs of cephalic and abdominal muscles, and thoracic and abdominal muscles, indicate that reflex pathways which initiate the abdominal responses are different from those that evoke the cephalic and thoracic responses. High correlation coefficients indicate common reflex pathways for activating either ipsilateral or contralateral pairs of extensors or flexors in the second and fifth legs. High correlations suggesting common reflex pathways or cross-coupling were also obtained for bilateral pairs of abdominal extensors. Low correlation coefficients for the response latencies of paired muscles indicate separate reflex pathways for (1) bilaterally homologous leg muscles and (2) first–fifth segment abdominal extensors. Surgical isolation of the supraoesophageal ganglion from the ventral nerve cord eliminated the responses of the antennal levators while producing a substantial increase in the response latencies of both maxilliped extensors and the contralateral second leg extensor and flexor, as well as a small but significant decrease in the contralateral first abdominal extensor. The synaptic input zones of the interneurones that mediate the thoracic and abdominal responses are located in the ventral nerve cord and not in the supraoesophageal ganglion.