Abstract
Temporal and spatial relationships between greenhouse whitefly and its parasitoid Encarsia formosa were analysed at different levels by using Rook’s neighbourhood model, and for two types of greenhouses: a small greenhouse in China (15.1 m2) and a large greenhouse in the Netherlands (6480 m2). For whitefly eggs and larvae, there was no difference in their spatial relationship occurring within‐ and between‐plot in the two types of greenhouses. Eggs and larvae occurrence aggregated with no special directional distributions. Whitefly adults exhibited nonlinear spatial density dependence within‐plot, and moved randomly between‐plot. Whitefly adults preferred to fly away in a N–S directions and to settle down at a NW–SE directions with an increase in the number of their neighbouring infected plants within‐plot. The parasitoid E. formosa showed a strong relationship with the temporal and spatial distribution of the host, but influenced the spatial distribution of whitefly.
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