Abstract

A longitudinal study was conducted in Manaus, Brazil, to monitor changes of adult Aedes aegypti (L.) abundance. The objectives were to compare mosquito collections of two trap types, to characterise temporal changes of the mosquito population, to investigate the influence of meteorological variables on mosquito collections and to analyse the association between mosquito collections and dengue incidence. Mosquito monitoring was performed fortnightly using MosquiTRAPs (MQT) and BG-Sentinel (BGS) traps between December 2008-June 2010. The two traps revealed opposing temporal infestation patterns, with highest mosquito collections of MQTs during the dry season and highest collections of BGS during the rainy seasons. Several meteorological variables were significant predictors of mosquito collections in the BGS. The best predictor was the relative humidity, lagged two weeks (in a positive relationship). For MQT, only the number of rainy days in the previous week was significant (in a negative relationship). The correlation between monthly dengue incidence and mosquito abundance in BGS and MQT was moderately positive and negative, respectively. Catches of BGS traps reflected better the dynamic of dengue incidence. The findings help to understand the effects of meteorological variables on mosquito infestation indices of two different traps for adult dengue vectors in Manaus.

Highlights

  • Dengue is a major health problem in Brazil, where incidence rates and disease severity have increased during the past decades (Teixeira 2012)

  • Aedes aegypti (L.), the local vector is found in all Brazilian states and since the recent introduction of dengue virus (DENV)-4, all four serotypes of the DENV are circulating in the country (Figueiredo et al 2008, 2013a, Nogueira & Eppinghaus 2011, Bastos et al 2012)

  • Dengue vector monitoring was based on traditional Stegomyia indices and derivations of them, which are based on the presence of Aedes larvae in breeding sites

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Summary

Introduction

Dengue is a major health problem in Brazil, where incidence rates and disease severity have increased during the past decades (Teixeira 2012). Dengue vector monitoring was based on traditional Stegomyia indices (house index, container index and Breteau index) and derivations of them, which are based on the presence of Aedes larvae in breeding sites. Pupal/demographic surveys give a better proxy of adult populations (Focks 2003), but due to the need of a large sample size, they are more labour intensive than larval surveys Another alternative that has been used for dengue vector monitoring is the ovitrap, a dark recipient filled with a hay infusion that lures gravid mosquitoes (Fay & Eliason 1966, Reiter et al 1991). It consists of a black plastic cylinder partially filled with water, a sticky card and a synthetic oviposition attractant (AttrAedes, Ecovec Ltda, Brazil) (Gama et al 2007, Eiras & Resende 2009)

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