Abstract
The purpose of this work was the creation of a statistical modeling able to replace the process used to setup of the ovens of the quench hardening and tempering that is traditionally accomplished through adjustments made based on the results of mechanical properties as tested in laboratory and required in customer specifications. We sought to understand the influence of the input variables (factors) on the mechanical properties tensile strength and hardness, in SAE 9254 draw steel wires, with diameters 2.00 mm and 6.50 mm, used in the manufacture of valve springs and clutch for automobile tracking. Were investigated the input variables of the process speed and tempering temperature. Design of Experiments with block Analysis, Quadratic Multiple Regression, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). For the optimization of statistical models were used the Generalized Reduced Gradient methods (GRG), Genetic Algorithm (AG) and the Meta-heuristics Simulated Annealing (SA). The results revealed that all variables considered have significant influence and models obtained were validated using appropriate statistical methods. This new modeling and its optimization, if properly implemented and enforced, could lead scientific advances which would provide the automation of this process, and consequently cause great impact on increasing productivity and product quality.
Highlights
The ferrous alloys, especially carbon and special steels, have fundamental importance in mechanical construction, due to its properties of strength, among others
Grosselle et al (2010) studied the influence of process parameters on the properties of aluminium alloys fused and this methodology was employed successfully by using the design of experiments and analysis of variance to establish the relationship between four parameters of the casting process, in which three of them were tested on two levels and one with three levels, for studies on microstructure and mechanical properties in the manufacture of engine blocks
The material used in this study was the SAE 9254 cold drawn steel, used for the manufacture of Springs valves and clutch Springs applied to the automotive segment, with diameters 2.00 mm and 6.50 mm, subjected to the process of hardening and tempering
Summary
The ferrous alloys, especially carbon and special steels, have fundamental importance in mechanical construction, due to its properties of strength, among others. The job of these alloys is very diverse and their selection, in General, very carefully. The requirements of special steels market, led by manufacturers of automobiles and spare parts, require steelmakers to produce steels that meet the requirements related to mechanical properties obtained by means of heat treatment quenching and tempering. With the implementation of the experimental planning held, it was possible to consider the relationship between variables and understand the contribution of each variable, or their interactions, on the desired results
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