Abstract
In solar applications, the solar absorber is paramount to converting solar radiation to heat energy. We systematically examined the relationship between the efficiency of the solar absorber and operating temperature and other factors. By combining inverse designs with surface plasmonic and Fabry-Perot cavity solar absorption theories, we have developed several solar absorber devices with excellent performance at different temperatures. One of these devices displays a solar spectral absorption of 95.6%, an ultra-low emission rate of 5.7%, and optical-to-thermal conversion efficiency exceeding 90%, all within an ultra-thin depth of 0.45 μm under working temperatures of 600 K. The device has the potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit (S-Q limit) in solar power generation systems. Our method is adaptable, enabling the design of optimal-performance devices to the greatest extent possible. The design was optimized using modern optimization algorithms to meet complex conditions and offers new insights for further study of the conversion from solar to thermal energy and the advancement of solar energy applications.
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