Abstract
Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) is a mathematical model of universal expansion which has proven to be remarkably accurate in comparison to observations. Temperature scaling is redefined in this paper in terms of a new “Universal Temperature” Tu scale according to Tu = T 2, where T 2 is in K2. This rescaling puts FSC cosmic temperature, time, total matter mass, and Hubble radius on the same scale, covering roughly 60.63 logs of 10 from the Planck scale to the present scale. This paper focuses on the relatively subtle temperature curve differences between the FSC model and standard cosmology. These changes become more pronounced in the early universe. Recent observational studies of the early universe, particularly with respect to the “cosmic dawn” epoch, the first stars and first galaxies, have surprised standard model proponents as to how soon these events have occurred following the Big Bang. This paper suggests that, because the FSC model temperature/time curve is lower at each stage of cosmic time, FSC may actually be a better fit for the timing of these events.
Highlights
Temperature scaling is redefined in this paper in terms of a new “Universal Temperature” Tu scale according to Tu = T 2, where T 2 is in K2
This paper suggests that, because the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model temperature/time curve is lower at each stage of cosmic time, FSC may be a better fit for the timing of these events
Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) was developed as a heuristic of the Hawking-Penrose idea of treating the universe expanding from a singularity state as being equivalent to a time-reversed gigantic black hole
Summary
Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) was developed as a heuristic of the Hawking-Penrose idea of treating the universe expanding from a singularity state as being equivalent to a time-reversed gigantic black hole (i.e., one which smoothly expands from a singularity as opposed to smoothly collapsing to a singularity). Since perpetual spatial flatness on a global scale (i.e., for a cosmic model as a whole) is not forbidden in a general relativity model of a finite but unbounded expanding universe, FSC starts with the (implied) assumption that the curvature term k in the FSC Friedmann equations is perpetually zero. Since Ht is a changing parameter over the great span of cosmic time, this makes FSC a dynamic dark energy model of the wCDM type, with the equation of state in FSC always defined as w = −1 This is in keeping with the quantum field theory stipulation that the zero-state vacuum energy density must always be equal in magnitude to the vacuum pressure (i.e., ρ = p ). With subscript t for any time stage of cosmic evolution and subscript pl for the Planck scale epoch, and, incorporating the Schwarzschild relationship between Mt and Rt, kBTt ≅ 8πG c3
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
