Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of temperature on the abundances and community compositions of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), lake microcosms were constructed and incubated at 15°C, 25°C and 35°C for 40 days, respectively. Temperature exhibited different effects on the abundance and diversity of archaeal and bacterial amoA gene. The elevated temperature increased the abundance of archaeal amoA gene, whereas the abundance of bacterial amoA gene decreased. The highest diversity of bacterial amoA gene was found in the 25°C treatment sample. However, the 25°C treatment sample maintained the lowest diversity of archaeal amoA gene. Most of the archaeal amoA sequences obtained in this study affiliated with the Nitrosopumilus cluster. Two sequences obtained from the 15°C treatment samples were affiliated with the Nitrosotalea cluster. N. oligotropha lineage was the most dominant bacterial amoA gene group. Several sequences affiliated to Nitrosospira and undefined N. europaea/NC. mobilis like lineage were found in the pre-incubation and 25°C treatment groups.
Highlights
Nitrification coupled with denitrification is of special importance for keeping nutrient balance in the freshwater lake ecosystems by removing nitrogen into the atmosphere [1,2]
The main objective of this research was to investigate the effects of temperature on the abundances and community compositions of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammoniaoxidizing bacteria (AOB) in lake sediments
Significant accumulations of NO3-N were observed for all treatment groups, suggesting the strong nitrification activities
Summary
Nitrification coupled with denitrification is of special importance for keeping nutrient balance in the freshwater lake ecosystems by removing nitrogen into the atmosphere [1,2]. Transformation of ammonia to nitrite is the first and ratelimiting step of nitrification [3,4]. For a long time, ammoniaoxidizing bacteria (AOB) were considered as the most important contributors to catalyze nitrite from ammonia under aerobic condition [5]. Recent studies revealed the existence of ammonia monooxygenase encoding archaea and suggested that they are capable of ammonia oxidation [6,7]. These putative ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) have recently been proposed to belong to a new phylum, Thaumarchaeota [8]
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