Abstract
1. 1.| Sparrmannia flava Arrow (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) regulated thoracic temperature ( T th) during flight at 38.6°C over an ambient temperature ( T a) range of 11°C. 2. 2.| T th and wing loading (19.99 N m −2) were within the range predicted by body mass (0.80 g) based on previous studies of scaling in beetles, although conductance (0.0087 W°C −1) was considerably lower and wingstroke frequency (87 Hz) higher than that previously recorded in beetles of similar mass. 3. 3.|The slope of the regression of abdominal temperature ( T ab) on T a, at T as > 20° C, was > 1, and physiological heat transfer was demonstrated experimentally, suggesting that low conductance necessitates active heat transfer at high T as. 4. 4.| Sparrmannia flava's early-morning, anti-predator strategy involves adaptations which make it an exception to previous generalizations concerning the thermal biology of beetles.
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