Abstract

Problem statement: Dilute sulphuric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis methods were used for sugar extraction. Xylose and glucose sugars were obtained from corn cobs. Approach: Acid hydrolysis of corn cobs gave higher amount of sugars than enzymatic hydrolysis. Results: The results showed that optimal temperature and time for sugar fermentation were approximately 25°C and 50 h by two yeast strains (S. cerevisiae and P. Stipitis) respectively. At 20 and 40°C, less bioethanol was produced. Bioethanol produced at 25°C was 11.99 mg mL-1, while at 40 and 20°C were 2.50 and 6.40 mg mL-1 respectively. Conclusion/Recommendations: Data obtained revealed that xylose level decreased from 27.87-3.92 mg mL-1 during the first 50 h of fermentation and complete metabolism of glucose was observed during this time. Xylose and bioethanol levels remained constant after 50 h. Varying the temperature of the fermentation process improves the effective utilization of corn cobs sugars for bioethanol production can be achieved.

Highlights

  • In an attempt to maximize waste product into useful material, this article seeks to determine the optimal temperature for large scale bioethanol production from corn cobs

  • Approach: Methods used in the production of bioethanol in this study were the acid hydrolysis and Bioethanol fermentation: Twenty five ml each of hemicellulose hydrolyzate and cellulose hydrolyzate were mixed, inoculated in 500 μL each of yeast medium and covered with cheese cloth to allow for proper gaseous exchange

  • In order to investigate the optimum temperature the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis were used to determine the amount of sugars produced

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Summary

Introduction

In an attempt to maximize waste product into useful material, this article seeks to determine the optimal temperature for large scale bioethanol production from corn cobs. Production of biofuel is carried out by the fermentation of starchy materials, in which case, sugars are converted into bioethanol with carbon dioxide and water (Hongguang, 2006) as byproducts. There is a need for renewable energy resources from non-edible agricultural sources such as corn cob to replace fossil forms. This is because gas emissions from plant feedstock fuel are less than those emitted by fossil forms and beneficial to the environment and global warming (Demirbas, 2005; Hongguang, 2006). Several research studies have been carried out on the production of bioethanol from corn cobs through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes by Kluyveromyces marxianus 6556 (Zhang et al, 2009), using Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisae in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (Zakpaa et al, 2009) and from Lignocellulosic Biomass (Kumar et al, 2009)

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