Temperature Monitoring in Geological Wells of the Upper Layers of Quaternary Deposits of the Central Part of the West Siberian Plain

Abstract

The present research is based on recording method of soil temperature surveys and underlying quaternary deposits. All surveys were conducted over two key areas as follows: first area is located within the boundaries of Northern taiga landscapes of Western Siberia (Siberian ridges - thermal wells 1, 2, 3 и 8); the second area belongs to middle-taiga landscapes of Western Siberia (Sredneobskaya lowland – thermal wells 4, 5, 5a, 6, 7). All temperature data obtained within the boundaries of key areas was measured by thermal logger DS1921G-F5 for the depths within range of 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 1 m and by another thermal logger DS1921Z-F5 for the depths within range of 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m, 8 m. The average annual temperature of years 2015-2016 observation period of thermal well 5a (technogenic site) is 8,3 °C for the whole range of depths and considered to be higher by 3,8 °C then average annual temperature recordings of thermal well 5 and, at the same time, considered to be higher by 4,2 °C then recordings of thermal well 6, which belongs to natural bog landscape. The abovementioned data was confirmed by recordings of years 2015-2016 with the difference of 4,8 °C for thermal well 5 and 3,7 °C for thermal well 6. A slightly higher temperature was indicated for the soils underlying anthropogenic objects in correlation to natural, not induced by man-made impact biogenic soils and this fact affects natural processes. The results of the present research indicates that the most warm soils are illuvial-ferrugenous. This type of soil warms up quite well at the top portion of the profile (horizons O, E) and stating from the depth of 40 cm the temperature goes down to 0 °C. Black dirt oligotrophic soils are having good warming up abilities. It can keep and increase positive temperature with increasing depth. A slight temperature decrees refers to level of paludal-lacustrine basin of 30–40 cm.. are having good warming up abilities and can keep positive temperature at depth. Alluvial soddy soils of the first key area (floodplain of the Gluboky Sabun River) are considered to be the coldest soils based on the results of the conducted observations. The annual average temperature in this type of soil for the time period of years 2010 to 2017 is about1,2 °C.