Abstract
The article deals with a brief description of methods of temperature measurements in a flowing water steam. Attention is paid to the measurement of pseudo static temperature by a single sealed thermocouple entering the flowing liquid through the flown-by wall. Then three types of probes for stagnation temperature measurement are shown, whose properties were tested using CFD calculations. The aim was to design a probe of stagnation parameters of described properties which can be used for measuring flow parameters in a real steam turbine. An important factor influencing the construction is not only the safe manipulation of the probe when inserting and removing it from the machine in operation, but also the possibility to traverse the probe along the blade length.
Highlights
From the viewpoint of measuring thermodynamic parameters of flowing water steam, it is possible to choose two different and basically correct approaches.The principle of the first approach is to focus on static parameters measurement and, with the knowledge of velocity field character and the thermodynamic properties of the flowing medium, to calculate the total parameters
This process is well manageable for pressure measurements, but it fails for temperature measurement
The probe was designed to measure stagnation parameters in the flowing water steam environment for parameters calculated according to industrial formulation IAPWS IF97 and given in the following table
Summary
From the viewpoint of measuring thermodynamic parameters of flowing water steam, it is possible to choose two different and basically correct approaches. The principle of the first approach is to focus on static parameters measurement and, with the knowledge of velocity field character and the thermodynamic properties of the flowing medium, to calculate the total parameters. If the static temperature is to be measured, it is necessary for the sensor (thermometer) to move at the same velocity, and in the same direction in the three dimensional space as the flowing medium. From these requirements it is evident that such measurement is not possible in common technical practice. It must be possible to insert it and remove it from the turbine in operation through the round opening in the turbine casing designed for pneumatic probe measurement
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