Abstract
1. 1. The effect of temperature (6·5, 10, 15 or 20°C) on the increase of gill microsomal Na +-, K +-stimulated ATPase activity associated with parr-smolt transformation in steelhead trout ( Salmo gairdneri) was found to be crucial. 2. 2. At 6·5 or 10°C there was a twofold increase in Na +-, K +-ATPase and a sharp decrease in coefficient of condition at the beginning of the smolt season in March. In June the ATPase activity returned to pre-smolt level and the coefficient of condition increased to or above that of the parr. 3. 3. At 15 or 20°C there was no increase in Na +-, K +-ATPase nor did the coefficient of condition decrease during the smolt season. 4. 4. Preliminary tests showed a correlation of salt water survival with high Na +-, K +-ATPase activity. 5. 5. These results indicate that in steelhead trout parr-smolt transformation and subsequent sea water adaptation are inhibited by water temperatures of 15 and 20°C.
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