Abstract
On 17th and 18th July 2001, several fractures opened on Mt. Etna southern flank generating different lava flows spreading both in Valle del Bove and towards Nicolosi. On 29th July the image spectrometer MIVIS was flown over Mt. Etna to acquire high-resolution images of the eruption. The MIVIS airborne campaign was planned simultaneously with TERRA, EO-1 and Landsat 7 satellite acquisitions, in order to compare hyperspectral and multispectral data referred to active lavas. This work focuses on the thermal mapping of lava flows, taking advantage of MIVIS sensor high technical performances. The MIVIS high spatial resolution allows a detailed analysis of the lava flow topographic distribution. Its 12 bit dynamic range consents an estimate of the temperature even for the «hottest» pixels. The main target of this work is the evaluation of the energy flux by means of remote-sensing techniques. Surface temperature analysis was performed on distinct lava flows using the dualband technique. These quantities were compared with the integrated temperatures retrieved using the MIVIS thermal infrared bands. The influence of topography was also considered in the flux calculation using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Mt. Etna.
Highlights
Since 1992, the INGV Remote Sensing Group has carried out research based on optical imaging systems to study active volcanic areas
This study reports the statistics of the energy flux generated from the lava flow as imaged by MIVIS on 29th July 2001; results are compared to those existing in literature
Solutions obtained from dual-band calculation, (Tc and fh) and information derived from them, like the energy flux, are extremely difficult to retrieve using different methods
Summary
Valerio Lombardo and Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno quires on lavas, the pixels located around the vents or at the center of lava flows are often saturated in the infrared (IR) channels and useless. This study reports the statistics of the energy flux generated from the lava flow as imaged by MIVIS on 29th July 2001; results are compared to those existing in literature. Optical resolution of the sensor, flight altitude and topographic elevation of the scene constrain the pixel size of the image. Coalescent pit-craters, characterized by an increasing phreatomagmatic ash emission, come out at Piano del Lago on the 19th This emission lasted five days before switching into Strombolian activity, and giving rise to a scoria cone. On the 23rd a small fissure opened in the southeastern flank of SE crater giving origin to a lava flow that expanded eastward. During the 2001 Etna eruption, INGV organized an airborne campaign with the MIVIS instrument to acquire high-resolution images on the active lava flow that was heading towards the town of Nicolosi. The flight altitude was 6400 m a.s.l. and subsequently the pixel ground resolution ranged between 6 and 12 m, depending on the surface elevation (fig. 1)
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