Abstract
Terahertz waves have found wide applications in the biological and medical areas. Since water is one of the most important ingredients in the biological systems, it is necessary to investigate its optical and dielectric properties in the terahertz range. These fundamental physical parameters play an important role in many applications, such as biological imaging and hyperthermia applications, and are temperature dependent. In order to shed more light on the property of temperature dependence, we performed a systematic investigation by changing the temperature of the water sample and using a terahertz time-domain spectrometer. The experimental results show that when the temperature increases from 275 K to 340 K, the refractive index and the complex dielectric constant of water increase noticeable, with the absorption coefficient increased observably. A good agreement is found between experimental data and the double Debye model.
Highlights
Terahertz (THz) technologies1,2 are gaining increasing attention due to its wide applications in many fields such as biology,3 medicine,4 industry,5 food,6 material,7 astronomy,8 communication9 and security.10 Among these fields, applications of THz technology to biological and medical areas are very attractive since it provides an approach to probe the secret of life science.11 Water plays a key role for biological systems
We find that the rise of temperature increases the absorption for THz waves and increases the refractive index and the complex dielectric constant of liquid water in the THz frequency range
The phase differences indicate the refractive indices of the cell windows and the water sample, here it means that the refractive index of water sample is about 2.1 according to the rough estimation based on the speed of light and the sample thickness
Summary
Terahertz (THz) technologies are gaining increasing attention due to its wide applications in many fields such as biology, medicine, industry, food, material, astronomy, communication and security. Among these fields, applications of THz technology to biological and medical areas are very attractive since it provides an approach to probe the secret of life science. Water plays a key role for biological systems. Terahertz (THz) technologies are gaining increasing attention due to its wide applications in many fields such as biology, medicine, industry, food, material, astronomy, communication and security.. Terahertz (THz) technologies are gaining increasing attention due to its wide applications in many fields such as biology, medicine, industry, food, material, astronomy, communication and security.10 Among these fields, applications of THz technology to biological and medical areas are very attractive since it provides an approach to probe the secret of life science.. It is very important to acquire the optical and dielectric properties of water in the THz band. It is necessary to systematically investigate these optical and dielectric properties under a variable temperature condition
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