Abstract
Based on the magnetic symmetry structure of non-Abelian gauge theories, a dual QCD gauge theory has been constructed which takes into account the local structure as well as the topological features of the color gauge group into its dynamics in a completely dual-symmetric way. Using such dual version of QCD in thermal domain following the partition function approach and the grand canonical ensemble formulation, the phase transition from hadron to QGP phase has been investigated within the framework of temperature dependent hadronic bag in the entire T - μ plane. The various thermodynamic properties like pressure, energy density, speed of sound and specific heat of the hadron/QGP phase have been evaluated and shown to lead an evidence for the first order phase transition. In the region around Tc < T < 4Tc , the specific heat and speed of sound are strongly influenced by the magnetically charged particles directly related to thermal monopoles evaporating from the magnetic condensate present at low temperature.
Highlights
Soon after the discovery of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) [1, 2, 3] and following the realization that QCD exhibits asymptotic freedom [4] it was recognized that normal hadronic matter undergoes a phase transition, where the individual hadrons dissolve into their constituents and produce a collective form of matter known as the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) [5] under extreme conditions of high temperature and low chemical potential
The precise determination of the phase boundary between QGP and hadron gas (HG) at high T and bariochemical potential has been a subject of intense research in recent years from experimental as well as theoretical point of view. In this connection, during past few years, the possibility of creating such high temperature QGP and studying QGP phase of matter by colliding heavy ions in the laboratory has been the main goal of experiments at Nuclotron-based ion collider facility (NICA) [6, 7] at Dubna, the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) [8, 9] at BNL and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [10, 11, 12] at CERN and needs some reliable theoretical explanation of various signals which depend on the pressure, entropy, transition temperature and the equation of state
Based on the magnetic symmetry structure of non-Abelian gauge groups, a dual gauge formulation [19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33]. which produce the magnetic condensation dynamically for its vacuum and provides a gauge invariant investigation and topological ground of confinement, the resulting dual QCD has been a subject of utmost importance to analyze the Quark-gluon plasma phase of the hadronic matter
Summary
Based on the magnetic symmetry structure of non-Abelian gauge theories, a dual QCD gauge theory has been constructed which takes into account the local structure as well as the topological features of the color gauge group into its dynamics in a completely dual-symmetric way. Using such dual version of QCD in thermal domain following the partition function approach and the grand canonical ensemble formulation, the phase transition from hadron to QGP phase has been investigated within the framework of temperature dependent hadronic bag in the entire T − μ plane.
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