Temperature dependence of the rate constants for oxidation of organic compounds by peroxyl radicals in aqueous alcohol solutions

Abstract

Rate constants for reactions of chlorinated methylperoxyl radicals with chlorpromazine (2-chloro-10-[3-(dimethylamino)-propyl]phenothiazine), trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), and ascorbate in aqueous alcohol solutions have been measured by pulse radiolysis as a function of temperature, generally between 5 and 75{degrees}C. The rate constants varied between 10{sup 6} and 10{sup 9} M{sup {minus}1} s{sup {minus}1}, the calculated Arrhenius activation energies ranged from 1 to 30 kJ mol{sup {minus}1}, and the preexponential factors also varied considerably, with log A ranging from 7 to 14. In general, room temperature rate constants increase with an increase in the number of chlorine atoms on the radical (increasing its electron affinity and thus the driving force for the reaction) and with an increase in the solvent polarity. The Arrhenius preexponential factor and the activation energy both increased as the proportion of water in the solvent mixture increased; i.e., the increase in rate constant with solvent polarity is a result of two compensating effects. Electron transfer from the organic reductants to the chlorinated methylperoxyl radicals is suggested to take place via an inner-sphere mechanism involving a transient adduct of the peroxyl radical to the reductant. 15 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs.